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Sardinian people

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**Historical Origins**:
– Sardinia first settled by Homo sapiens during Upper Paleolithic.
– Neolithic Sardinians had connections with Iberian and Southern French populations.
– Beaker folk settled in Late Eneolithic-Early Bronze Age.
– Nuragic civilization emerged in Middle Bronze Age.
– Ancient Nuragic Sards associated with the Sherden tribe.

**Cultural Evolution**:
– Nuragic tribes described by Romans as Iolei/Ilienses, Balares, and Corsi.
– Phoenicians, Carthaginians, and Romans played significant roles in Sardinia’s development.
– Language spoken in Bronze Age Sardinia remains unknown.
– Proto-Sardinian language possibly akin to Proto-Basque or Etruscan.
– Various linguistic areas existed in Nuragic Sardinia.

**Medieval and Early Modern Period**:
– Sardinia ruled by Vandals, Byzantines, and Ostrogoths before Aragonese conquest.
– Aragonese rule led to repopulation with Spaniards and the use of Catalan dialect in Alghero.
– Sardinia becomes an Associate State of the Crown of Aragon.
– Ligurian colonists settle in specific regions in the 18th century.
– Significant migration flows from mainland Italy to Sardinia during this period.

**Kingdom of Italy and Demographics**:
– Piedmontese Kingdom of Sardinia annexes Italian peninsula and Sicily in 1861.
– Various migration waves from mainland Italy to Sardinia for mining and fishing industries.
– Fascist regime resettles miners and peasants from various Italian regions to Sardinia.
– Sardinia has a population density slightly more than a third of the national average.
– In 1931, only 3.2% of the island’s population was estimated to be native of the Italian mainland.

**Mining History and Demographic Shifts**:
– Reorganization of Sardinian mines since 1850 leads to migration flow from Italian peninsula.
– Mainland miners from Lombardy, Piedmont, Tuscany, and Romagna settle in Sardinian mining areas.
– Italian refugees from Istrian–Dalmatian exodus relocated in Nurra region after World War II.
– Carbonia developed a variety of Italian with Sardinian influences.
– Italian Tunisian families settle in Castiadas, east of Cagliari.

Sardinian people (Wikipedia)

The Sardinians, or Sards (Sardinian: Sardos or Sardus; Italian and Sassarese: Sardi; Gallurese: Saldi), are a Romance language-speaking ethnic group native to Sardinia, from which the western Mediterranean island and autonomous region of Italy derives its name.

Sardinians / Sards
Sardos / Sardus (Sardinian)
Sardi (Italian)
Sardinian people and their traditional regional attires in 1880s
Regions with significant populations
 Sardinia 1,661,521
(Inhabitants of Sardinia inclusive of all ethnicities)
2.250.000 (outside Sardinia)
Languages
ItalianSardinian
Religion
Roman Catholicism
Related ethnic groups
Spaniards, Italians, Corsicans
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