**Botany and Taxonomy**:
– Genus Clematis consists of vigorous, woody climbing vines/lianas.
– Leaves are opposite, divided into leaflets and leafstalks.
– Some species are shrubby, while others are herbaceous perennials.
– Cool temperate species are deciduous, while warm climate species are evergreen.
– Genus first published by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 based on the meaning “vine or tendril.”
– Recent classification recognizes 297 species of clematis.
– Various taxonomists have subdivided the genus into sections, subgenera, and groups.
**Garden History and Cultivation**:
– Clematis patens native to Japan was introduced to Europe in 1836.
– Most frequently used species for large-flowered cultivars.
– Clematis can grow through other plants and provide cover.
– Climbing varieties are valued for their ability to scramble up walls, fences, and structures.
– Many rare cultivars are available for cultivation.
– Possibility to have a clematis in flower at any time of the year.
**Cultivars and Horticultural Classification**:
– Popular garden forms belong to the Viticella section.
– Various cultivars involve crosses of different Clematis species.
– Different pruning regimes are required for various cultivars.
– Over 80 varieties have gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.
– Various horticultural groups based on flower size, species, and growth habits.
**Medicinal Uses and Research**:
– Leaves of some Clematis species are acrid and poisonous.
– Some species have antimicrobial and wound healing properties.
– Mention of Clematis in Bach Flower Remedies.
– Research studies on rust diseases of wheat and pests, diseases, and disorders of garden plants.
**Pronunciation and Additional Resources**:
– Various pronunciations of Clematis exist.
– Different language variations in pronouncing Clematis.
– Mention of books and resources related to Clematis for further reading and information.